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Université de Fribourg

The clock gene Per2 influences the glutamatergic system and modulates alcohol consumption

Spanagel, Rainer ; Pendyala, Gurudutt ; Abarca, Carolina ; Zghoul, Tarek ; Sanchis-Segura, Carles ; Magnone, Maria Chiara ; Lascorz, Jesús ; Depner, Martin ; Holzberg, David ; Soyka, Michael ; Schreiber, Stefan ; Matsuda, Fumihiko ; Lathrop, Mark ; Schumann, Gunter ; Albrecht, Urs

In: Nature Medicine, 2004, vol. 11, p. 35-42

Period (Per) genes are involved in regulation of the circadian clock and are thought to modulate several brain functions. We demonstrate that Per2Brdm1 mutant mice, which have a deletion in the PAS domain of the Per2 protein, show alterations in the glutamatergic system. Lowered expression of the glutamate transporter Eaat1 is observed in these animals, leading to reduced uptake of glutamate by...

Université de Fribourg

CD81-induced behavioural changes during chronic cocaine administration: in vivo gene delivery with regulatable lentivirus

Bahi, Amine ; Boyer, Frederic ; Kafri, Tal ; Dreyer, Jean-Luc

In: European Journal of Neuroscience, 2004, vol. 19, p. 1621-1633

CD81, a tetraspanin transmembrane protein involved in cell adhesion, is up-regulated in the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway 24 h following acute administration of high doses of cocaine [Brenz-Verca et al., (2001) Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 17, 303-316]. Further evidence consecutive with this observation and based on microarray analysis are presented here. In addition, a regulatable lentivirus was...

Université de Fribourg

Functional analysis of the yeast "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" Gpi8 protein and characterization of the purified GPI-transamidase complex

Fraering, Patrick ; Conzelmann, Andreas (Dir.) ; van der Goot, Françoise Gisou (Codir.) ; Puoti, Alessandro (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg, 2001 ; no 1354.

Many glycoproteins of lower and higher eucaryotes are attached to the plasma membrane by means of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). GPI anchoring of proteins is essential for the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . S.cerevisiae contains about 70 open reading frames predicting GPI proteins and many of these have been found to be cell wall glycoproteins. The precursors of GPI anchored proteins...

Université de Fribourg

Understanding apoptosis involved in the development and treatment of malignancies

Genini, Davide ; Rusconi, Sandro (Dir.) ; Martinou, Jean-Claude (Codir.) ; Leoni, Lorenzo (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg, 2000 ; nr. 1321.

Apoptosis is a key event occurring in living organisms. In order to maintain tissue homeostasis, a comparable number of cells have to die to compensate for the cells produced by mitosis. However in many diseases this mechanism is altered. Once a malignancy is established, the conventional approach is to treat cells with drugs able to induce apoptosis. Although the execution of apoptosis is a...

Université de Fribourg

Tenascin-R and perineuronal nets of extracellular matrix

Haunsø, Anders Kristian ; Menoud, Pierre-Alain (Dir.) ; Celio, Marco (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg, 2000 ; no 1307.

Tenascin-R (TN-R) is a glycosylated brain extracellular matrix protein (BECM; Zamze et al., 1999) restricted to the central nervous system (Pesheva et al., 1989; Rathjen et al., 1991; Weber et al., 1999). A special feature of TN-R, and some of its known ligands, is their accumulation around certain sub-populations of neurones, forming perineuronal nets of extracellular matrix (PNEMs; Wintergerst...

Université de Fribourg

Eine statistische Methode zur Erkennung von Dokumentstrukturen

Brugger, Rolf ; Ingold, Rolf (Dir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg : 1999 ; Nr. 1251.

This PhD thesis is on the topic of document recognition. It particularly discusses the aspects of learning document models and the recognition of the logical structure of documents. In order to achieve high reliability and user friendliness, we describe an interactive system which can easily be adapted to new document classes. In an initial learning session the system is able to generate a...

Université de Fribourg

2(CREM) : une méthode de reconnaissance structurelle de documents complexes basée sur des patterns bidimensionnels

Robadey, Lyse ; Ingold, Rolf (Dir.) ; Bapst, Frédéric (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg : 2001 ; No 1364.

This thesis addresses the question of printed document recognition. We studied existing systems, first in a general context, by making the distinction between physical and logical structure recognition systems. Then, we focused on methods specific for complex layout documents and on methods having a learning aptitude. Since there do not seem to exist learning systems which are able to recognise...

Université de Fribourg

Une approche uniforme pour la reconnaissance de la structure physique de documents composites fondée sur l'analyse des espaces

Azokly, Antoine Sourou ; Ingold, Rolf (Dir.) ; Stamon, Georges (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg : 1995 ; 1105.

We present in this thesis a uniform approach to recognize the physical structure of printed documents that may contain various kinds of blocks: we call such documents composite documents. After an introduction to the subject of this thesis, we present first the state of the art in the field of document recognition. In this part, we present models and standards used to represent document...

Université de Fribourg

Argumentation systems and belief functions

Lehmann, Norbert ; Kohlas, Jürg (Dir.) ; Moral, Serafin (Codir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg : 2001 ; 1340.

Uncertain knowledge can be represented in the framework of argumentation systems. In this framework, uncertainty is expressed using so-called assumptions. Depending on the setting of the assumptions, a given hypothesis of interest can be proved or falsified. The main goal of assumption-based reasoning is to determine the set of all supporting arguments for a given hypothesis. Such a supporting...

Université de Fribourg

Content-based image retrieval using hand-drawn sketches and local features : a study on visual dissimilarity

Banfi, Folco ; Ingold, Rolf (Dir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg : 2000 ; no 1312.

This thesis addresses the question of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) in heterogeneous databases. In an analysis of the existing CBIR tools that was done at the beginning of this work, we have shown that there was room for improvement in three key areas: query form, image and query representation, and computation of similarity. This analysis led us to studying the usability of a method for...