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Université de Fribourg

Unexpected presence of 14C in inorganic pigment for an absolute dating of paintings

Beck, Lucile ; Messager, Cyrielle ; Caffy, Ingrid ; Delqué-Količ, Emmanuelle ; Perron, Marion ; Dumoulin, Jean-Pascal ; Moreau, Christophe ; Degrigny, Christian ; Serneels, Vincent

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 9582

The absolute dating of paintings is crucial for tackling the problem of fake art. Investigations to authenticate paintings rely on an advanced knowledge of art history and a collection of scientific techniques. Radiocarbon dating is the only technique that gives access to an absolute time scale, but its application is limited to organic materials such as wood, canvas or natural binder....

Université de Fribourg

Novel insights on the geomagnetic field in West Africa from a new intensity reference curve (0-2000 AD)

Kapper, Lisa ; Serneels, Vincent ; Panovska, Sanja ; Ruíz, Rafael García ; Hellio, Gabrielle ; Groot, Lennart de ; Goguitchaichvili, Avto ; Morales, Juan ; Ruíz, Rubén Cejudo

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 1121

The geomagnetic field variations on the continent of Africa are still largely undeciphered for the past two millennia. In spite of archaeological artefacts being reliable recorders of the ancient geomagnetic field strength, only few data have been reported for this continent so far. Here we use the Thellier-Coe and calibrated pseudo- Thellier methods to recover archaeointensity data from...

Université de Fribourg

Eighteen years of steel–bentonite interaction in the FEBEX in situ test at the Grimsel Test Site in Switzerland

Hadi, Jebril ; Wersin, Paul ; Serneels, Vincent ; Greneche, Jean-Marc

In: Clays and Clay Minerals, 2019, vol. 67, no. 2, p. 111–131

Corrosion of steel canisters containing buried high-level radioactive waste is a relevant issue for the long-term integrity of repositories. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate this issue by examining two differently corroded blocks originating from a full-scale in situ test of the FEBEX bentonite site in Switzerland. The FEBEX experiment was designed initially as a feasibility...

Université de Fribourg

Assessment of the amphora spectrum in a rural Late La Tène settlement at Reinach-Nord, Basel region, Switzerland

Thierrin-Michael, G. ; Martinez, D. C. Tretola ; Serneels, Vincent

In: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2018, vol. 21, p. 1055–1063

The relatively high quantity of amphorae among the ceramic material discovered in Late La Tène structures at Reinach-Nord appears quite unusual at a rural settlement of this period in NE Switzerland and warranted further investigation. How does the amphora spectrum compare to the one of earlier or later sites in the region? On earlier settlements in the area between Lyon, the Upper Rhine...

Université de Fribourg

Swiss stained-glass panels: an analytical study

Machado, Andreia ; Wolf, Sophie ; Alves, Luis C. ; Katona-Serneels, Ildiko ; Serneels, Vincent ; Trümpler, Stefan ; Vilarigues, Márcia

In: Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2017, vol. 23, no. 4, p. 878–890

The history and iconography of Swiss stained glass dating between the 16th and 18th centuries are well studied. However, the chemical and morphological characteristics of the glass and glass paints, particularly the nature of the raw materials, the provenance of the glass, and the technology used to produce it are less well understood. In this paper, we studied two sets of samples from...

Université de Fribourg

The massive production of iron in the Sahelian belt: Archaeological investigations at Korsimoro (Sanmatenga – Burkina Faso)

Serneels, Vincent

In: Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2017, vol. 32, no. 7–8, p. 900–908

The large smelting site of Korsimoro was investigated during two fieldwork campaigns in 2011 and 2012. Four different technical traditions are identified. Each is characterized by the spatial organization of the working area, the architecture of the furnace, and the assemblages of wastes. Each technical tradition corresponds to one chronological phase. Phase KRS 1 lasted between 600 and 1000...

Université de Fribourg

Reconstructing the geomagnetic field in west africa: first absolute intensity results from Burkina Faso

Kapper, Lisa ; Donadini, Fabio ; Serneels, Vincent ; Tema, Evdokia ; Goguitchaichvili, Avto ; Morales, Juan Julio

In: Scientific Reports, 2017, vol. 7, p. 45225

We present absolute geomagnetic intensities from iron smelting furnaces discovered at the metallurgical site of Korsimoro, Burkina Faso. Up to now, archaeologists recognized four different types of furnaces based on different construction methods, which were related to four subsequent time periods. Additionally, radiocarbon ages obtained from charcoal confine the studied furnaces to ages...

Université de Fribourg

Directional changes of the geomagnetic field in West Africa: Insights from the metallurgical site of Korsimoro

Donadini, Fabio ; Serneels, Vincent ; Kapper, Lisa ; El Kateb, Akram

In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2015, vol. 430, p. 349–355

This work shows the first archeomagnetic directions from Western Africa measured on 32 iron smelting kilns dated between 650 and 1800 AD. The archeological excavation of the vast metallurgical site of Korsimoro established the existence of four distinct iron-smelting techniques. The time-frame of each technique could be clearly determined with radiocarbon dating. Many of the kilns investigated in...

Université de Fribourg

The origin of 18th–19th century tin-glazed pottery from Lorraine, France

Maggetti, Marino ; Rosen, J. ; Serneels, Vincent

In: Archaeometry, 2015, vol. 57, no. 3, p. 426–452

Forty-eight tin-glazed ceramic fragments (faiences) from Lorraine, found in excavations or pertaining to objects in collections, were subjected to X-ray fluorescence analysis to determine the bulk, major, minor and trace element compositions. Sixteen superficially clay layers from the surroundings of Lunéville and Saint-Clément were also analysed. The faiences are, with four exceptions, MgO...