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Université de Fribourg

How neurons make us jump: the neural control of stretch-Shortening cycle movements

Taube, Wolfgang ; Leukel, Christian ; Gollhofer, Albert

In: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 2012, vol. 40, no. 2, p. 106–115

How can the human central nervous system (CNS) control complex jumping movements task- and context-specifically? This review highlights the complex interaction of multiple hierarchical levels of the CNS, which work together to enable stretch-shortening cycle contractions composed of activity resulting from feedforward (preprogrammed) and feedback (reflex) loops.

Université de Fribourg

Time to task failure and motor cortical activity depend on the type of feedback in visuomotor tasks

Lauber, Benedikt ; Leukel, Christian ; Gollhofer, Albert ; Taube, Wolfgang

In: PLoS ONE, 2012, vol. 7, no. 3, p. e32433

The present study aimed to elucidate whether the type of feedback influences the performance and the motor cortical activity when executing identical visuomotor tasks. For this purpose, time to task failure was measured during position- and force-controlled muscular contractions. Subjects received either visual feedback about the force produced by pressing a force transducer or about the actual...

Université de Fribourg

Pathway-specific plasticity in the human spinal cord

Leukel, Christian ; Taube, Wolfgang ; Beck, Sandra ; Schubert, Martin

In: European Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, vol. 35, no. 10, p. 1622-1629

The aim of the present study was to artificially induce plasticity in the human spinal cord and evaluate whether this plasticity is pathway specific. For this purpose, a technique called paired associative stimulation (PAS) was applied. Volleys evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex and peripheral nerve stimulation of the nervus tibialis in the popliteal...

Université de Fribourg

Improved postural control after slackline training is accompanied by reduced H-reflexes

Keller, M. ; Pfusterschmied, J. ; Buchecker, M. ; Müller, E. ; Taube, Wolfgang

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sport, 2012, vol. 22, no. 4, p. 471–477

“Slacklining” represents a modern sports activity where people have to keep balance on a tightened ribbon. The first trials on the slackline result in uncontrollable lateral swing of the supporting leg. Training decreases those oscillations and therefore improves postural control. However, the underlying neural mechanisms are not known. Therefore, the present study aimed to highlight...

Université de Fribourg

The effect of whole body vibration on the H-reflex, the stretch reflex, and the short-latency response during hopping

Ritzmann, R. ; Kramer, A. ; Gollhofer, Albert ; Taube, Wolfgang

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2011, p. -

The effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on reflex responses is controversially discussed in the literature. In this study, three different modalities of reflex activation with increased motor complexity have been selected to clarify the effects of acute WBV on reflex activation: (1) the electrically evoked H-reflex, (2) the mechanically elicited stretch reflex, and (3) the short-latency...

Université de Fribourg

Evidence that the cortical motor command for the initiation of dynamic plantarflexion consists of excitation followed by inhibition

Taube, Wolfgang ; Lundbye-Jensen, Jesper ; Schubert, Martin ; Gollhofer, Albert ; Leukel, Christian

In: PLoS ONE, 2011, vol. 6, no. 10, p. e25657

At the onset of dynamic movements excitation of the motor cortex (M1) is spatially restricted to areas representing the involved muscles whereas adjacent areas are inhibited. The current study elucidates whether the cortical motor command for dynamic contractions is also restricted to a certain population of cortical neurons responsible for the fast corticospinal projections. Therefore,...

Université de Fribourg

The drop height determines neuromuscular adaptations and changes in jump performance in stretch-shortening cycle training

Taube, Wolfgang ; Leukel, Christian ; Lauber, B. ; Gollhofer, Albert

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2011, p. -

There is an ongoing discussion about how to improve jump performance most efficiently with plyometric training. It has been proposed that drop height influences the outcome, although longitudinal studies are missing. Based on cross-sectional drop jump studies showing height-dependent Hoffmann (H)-reflex activities, we hypothesized that the drop height should influence the neuromuscular...

Université de Fribourg

Spinal reflex plasticity in response to alpine skiing in the elderly

Lauber, B. ; Keller, Martin ; Gollhofer, Albert ; Müller, E. ; Taube, Wolfgang

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2011, vol. 21, no. s1, p. 62–68

The present study was designed to assess the influence of 12 weeks (28.5±2.6 skiing days) of alpine skiing on spinal reflex plasticity, strength and postural control in senior citizens. Therefore, soleus H-reflexes and postural stability were measured during bipedal quiet and unstable stance in 22 (12 male and 10 female) elderly subjects aged 66.6±1 years. Furthermore, the maximal isometric...

Université de Fribourg

Changes in predictive motor control in drop-jumps based on uncertainties in task execution

Leukel, Christian ; Taube, Wolfgang ; Lorch, Michael ; Gollhofer, Albert

In: Human Movement Science, 2011, p. -

Drop-jumps are controlled by predictive and reactive motor strategies which differ with respect to the utilization of sensory feedback. With reaction, sensory feedback is integrated while performing the task. With prediction, sensory information may be used prior to movement onset. Certainty about upcoming events is important for prediction. The present study aimed at investigating how...

Université de Fribourg

Short-term pressure induced suppression of the short latency response - a new methodology for investigating stretch reflexes

Leukel, Christian ; Lundbye-Jensen, Jesper ; Gruber, Markus ; Zuur, Abraham T. ; Gollhofer, Albert ; Taube, Wolfgang

In: Journal of Applied Physiology, 2009///doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00301.2009

During experiments involving ischemic nerve block we noticed that the short latency response (SLR) of evoked stretches in m. soleus decreased immediately following inflation of a pneumatic cuff surrounding the lower leg. The present study aimed to investigate this short-term effect of pressure application in more detail. 58 healthy subjects were divided into 7 protocols. Unilateral stretches were...