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Université de Fribourg

Survival costs of reproduction in Drosophila

Flatt, Thomas

In: Experimental Gerontology, 2011, vol. 46, no. 5, p. 369–375

Université de Fribourg

The diversity of population responses to environmental change

Colchero, Fernando ; Jones, Owen R. ; Conde, Dalia A. ; Hodgson, David ; Zajitschek, Felix ; Schmidt, Benedikt R. ; Malo, Aurelio F. ; Alberts, Susan C. ; Becker, Peter H. ; Bouwhuis, Sandra ; Bronikowski, Anne M. ; Vleeschouwer, Kristel M. ; Delahay, Richard J. ; Dummermuth, Stefan ; Fernández‐Duque, Eduardo ; Frisenvænge, John ; Hesselsøe, Martin ; Larson, Sam ; Lemaître, Jean‐François ; McDonald, Jennifer ; Miller, David A.W. ; O'Donnell, Colin ; Packer, Craig ; Raboy, Becky E. ; Reading, Chris J. ; Wapstra, Erik ; Weimerskirch, Henri ; While, Geoffrey M. ; Baudisch, Annette ; Flatt, Thomas ; Coulson, Tim ; Gaillard, Jean‐Michel

In: Ecology Letters, 2019, p. -

The current extinction and climate change crises pressure us to predict population dynamics with ever‐greater accuracy. Although predictions rest on the well‐advanced theory of age‐structured populations, two key issues remain poorly explored. Specifically, how the age‐dependency in demographic rates and the year‐to‐year interactions between survival and fecundity affect...

Université de Fribourg

Evolution of longevity improves immunity in Drosophila

Fabian, Daniel K. ; Garschall, Kathrin ; Klepsatel, Peter ; Santos-Matos, Gonçalo ; Sucena, Élio ; Kapun, Martin ; Lemaitre, Bruno ; Schlötterer, Christian ; Arking, Robert ; Flatt, Thomas

In: Evolution Letters, 2018, vol. 2, no. 6, p. 567–579

Much has been learned about the genetics of aging from studies in model organisms, but still little is known about naturally occurring alleles that contribute to variation in longevity. For example, analysis of mutants and transgenes has identified insulin signaling as a major regulator of longevity, yet whether standing variation in this pathway underlies microevolutionary changes in...

Université de Fribourg

Neuronal inputs and outputs of aging and longevity

Alcedo, Joy ; Flatt, Thomas ; Pasyukova, Elena G.

In: Frontiers in Genetics, 2013, vol. 4, p. -

An animal’s survival strongly depends on its ability to maintain homeostasis in response to the changing quality of its external and internal environment. This is achieved through intracellular and intercellular communication within and among different tissues. One of the organ systems that plays a major role in this communication and the maintenance of homeostasis is the nervous system....

Université de Fribourg

An inversion supergene in Drosophila underpins latitudinal clines in survival traits

Durmaz, Esra ; Benson, Clare ; Kapun, Martin ; Schmidt, Paul ; Flatt, Thomas

In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2018, vol. 31, no. 9, p. 1354–1364

Chromosomal inversions often contribute to local adaptation across latitudinal clines, but the underlying selective mechanisms remain poorly understood. We and others have previously shown that a clinal inversion polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster, In(3R)Payne, underpins body size clines along the North American and Australian east coasts. Here, we ask whether this polymorphism also...

Université de Fribourg

Horizons in the evolution of aging

Flatt, Thomas ; Partridge, Linda

In: BMC Biology, 2018, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 93

Between the 1930s and 50s, evolutionary biologists developed a successful theory of why organisms age, firmly rooted in population genetic principles. By the 1980s the evolution of aging had a secure experimental basis. Since the force of selection declines with age, aging evolves due to mutation accumulation or a benefit to fitness early in life. Here we review major insights and challenges...

Université de Fribourg

Aminergic signaling controls ovarian dormancy in drosophila

Andreatta, Gabriele ; Kyriacou, Charalambos P. ; Flatt, Thomas ; Costa, Rodolfo

In: Scientific Reports, 2018, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 2030

In response to adverse environmental conditions many organisms from nematodes to mammals deploy a dormancy strategy, causing states of developmental or reproductive arrest that enhance somatic maintenance and survival ability at the expense of growth or reproduction. Dormancy regulation has been studied in C. elegans and in several insects, but how neurosensory mechanisms act to relay ...

Université de Fribourg

Amino acid modulation of lifespan and reproduction in Drosophila

Hoedjes, Katja M ; Rodrigues, Marisa A ; Flatt, Thomas

In: Current Opinion in Insect Science, 2017, vol. 23, p. 118–122

Manipulating amino acid (AA) intake in Drosophila can profoundly affect lifespan and reproduction. Remarkably, AA manipulation can uncouple the commonly observed trade-off between these traits. This finding seems to challenge the idea that this trade- off is due to competitive resource allocation, but here we argue that this view might be too simplistic. We also discuss the mechanisms of the...

Consortium of Swiss Academic Libraries

Plasticity of lifespan: a reaction norm perspective

Flatt, Thomas

In: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2014, vol. 73, no. 4, p. 532-542

Université de Fribourg

Juvenile hormone as a regulator of the trade-off between reproduction and life span in Drosophila melanogaster

Flatt, Thomas ; Kawecki, Tadeusz J.

In: Evolution, 2007, vol. 61, no. 8, p. 1980–1991

Trade-offs between reproduction and life span are ubiquitous, but little is known about their underlying mechanisms. Here we combine treatment with the juvenile hormone analog (JHa) methoprene and experimental evolution in Drosophila melanogaster to study the potential role of juvenile hormone (JH) in mediating such trade-offs at both the physiological and evolutionary level. Exposure to...