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Université de Fribourg

Postprandial thermogenesis and respiratory quotient in response to galactose: comparison with glucose and fructose in healthy young adults

Charrière, Nathalie ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Journal of Nutritional Science, 2016, vol. 5, p. -

Circumstantial evidence suggests that substitution of glucose or sucrose by the low- glycaemic index sugar galactose in the diet may lead to greater thermogenesis and/or fat oxidation. Using ventilated hood indirect calorimetry, we investigated, in twelve overnight-fasted adults, the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) for 30 min before and 150 min after ingestion of...

Université de Fribourg

Uninephrectomy-induced lipolysis and low-grade inflammation are mimicked by unilateral renal denervation

Arsenijevic, Denis ; Cajot, Jean-François ; Fellay, Benoit ; Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Vliet, Bruce N. Van ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: Integrative Physiology, 2016, p. 227

Uninephrectomy (UniNX) in rats on a fixed food intake leads to increased lipolysis and a low-grade inflammation with an increased subset of circulating cytokines. Because UniNX ablates renal nerves on the side of the removed kidney, we tested the contribution of unilateral renal denervation in the phenotype of UniNX. We compared Sham-operated controls, left nephrectomy (UniNX) and unilateral...

Université de Fribourg

Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in response to side-alternating whole body vibration across three commonly-used vibration frequencies

Fares, Elie-Jacques ; Charrière, Nathalie ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Schutz, Yves ; Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Miles-Chan, Jennifer L.

In: PLOS ONE, 2016, vol. 11, no. 3, p. e0151552

There is increasing recognition about the importance of enhancing energy expenditure (EE) for weight control through increases in low-intensity physical activities comparable with daily life (1.5–4 METS). Whole-body vibration (WBV) increases EE modestly and could present both a useful adjuvant for obesity management and tool for metabolic phenotyping. However, it is unclear whether a...

Université de Fribourg

Postprandial hypotension in older adults: Can it be prevented by drinking water before the meal?

Grobéty, Bastien ; Grasser, Erik Konrad ; Yepuri, Gayathri ; Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: Clinical Nutrition, 2015, vol. 34, no. 5, p. 885–891

Background & aimsAn important consequence of ageing is a tendency for postprandial blood pressure to decline, which can lead to fainting. As a possible countermeasure, we investigated in healthy older adults the impact of drinking water before a breakfast meal on postprandial cardiovascular and autonomic functions.MethodsAfter a stable cardiovascular baseline recording for at least 20 min,...

Université de Fribourg

Pathways from dieting to weight regain, to obesity and to the metabolic syndrome: an overview

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: Obesity Reviews, 2015, vol. 16, p. 1–6

Every year, scores of millions of people – as diverse as obese and lean, teenagers and older adults, sedentary and elite athletes, commoners and celebrities – attempt to lose weight on some form of diet. They are often encouraged by their parents, friends, health professionals, training coaches, a media that promotes a slim image and a diet- industry that in Europe and United States alone...

Université de Fribourg

Fasting substrate oxidation at rest assessed by indirect calorimetry: is prior dietary macronutrient level and composition a confounder?

Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Schutz, Yves

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2015, p. -

Indirect calorimetry, the measurement of O₂ consumption and CO₂ production, constitutes an invaluable tool as the most common method for analyzing whole-body energy expenditure, and also provides an index of the nature of macronutrient substrate oxidation—namely, carbohydrate (CHO) versus fat oxidation. The latter constitutes a key etiological factor in obesity as this condition can only...

Université de Fribourg

The thermic effect of sugar-free Red Bull: Do the non-caffeine bioactive ingredients in energy drinks play a role?

Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Charrière, Nathalie ; Grasser, Erik K ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Obesity, 2015, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 16–19

Objective: Consumption of energy drinks is increasing amongst athletes and the general public. By virtue of their bioactive ingredients (including caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, and B-group vitamins) and paucity of calories, sugar-free “diet” versions of these drinks could be a useful aid for weight maintenance. Yet little is known about the acute influence of these drinks, and...

Université de Fribourg

How dieting makes the lean fatter: from a perspective of body composition autoregulation through adipostats and proteinstats awaiting discovery

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Jacquet, Jean ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Schutz, Yves

In: Obesity Reviews, 2015, vol. 16, p. 25–35

Whether dieting makes people fatter has been a subject of considerable controversy over the past 30 years. More recent analysis of several prospective studies suggest, however, that it is dieting to lose weight in people who are in the healthy normal range of body weight, rather than in those who are overweight or obese, that most strongly and consistently predict future weight gain. This paper...

Université de Fribourg

Dieting and weight cycling as risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases: who is really at risk?

Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Schutz, Yves ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Obesity Reviews, 2015, vol. 16, p. 7–18

Despite the poor prognosis of dieting in obesity management, which often results in repeated attempts at weight loss and hence weight cycling, the prevalence of dieting has increased continuously in the past decades in parallel to the steadily increasing prevalence of obesity. However, dieting and weight cycling are not limited to those who are obese or overweight as substantial proportions of...