(Working Papers SES ; 502)
In developing countries, the opportunity costs of children’s time can significantly hinder universal education. This paper studies one of these opportunity costs: we estimate the agricultural productivity of children aged 10 to 15 years old using the LSMS-ISA panel survey in Tanzania. Since child labor can be endogenous, we exploit the panel structure of the data and instrument child labor...
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(Working Papers SES ; 458)
Economic shocks have been shown to affect child labor and particularly so when households fail to access credit. This paper endeavours to assess whether access toagricultural labor markets also reduce the impact of shocks on child labor. Using panel data from Tanzania, we confirm that households respond to transitory productivity shocks by changes in child labor, but that (1) child labor...
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In: Lithos, 2010, p. -
Oldoinyo Lengai and the volcanic centres of the Lake Natron–Engaruka province contain melilite as a widespread mineral. Extraordinarily Na–Al-rich melilites (up to 6 wt.% Na₂O and 9 wt.% Al₂O₃) from recent explosive eruptions are among the most Na-rich ever reported. Their unusual mineral composition leads to optical properties with vivid birefringence colours of 2nd order. The...
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In: Mineralogical Magazine, 2009, vol. 73, no. 3, p. 373-384
Alumoåkermanite, (CaNa)₂(Al,Mg,Fe²⁺)(Si₂O₇), is a new mineral member of the melilite group from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. The mineral occurs as tabular phenocrysts and microphenocrysts in melilite-nephelinitic ashes and lapilli-tuffs. Alumoåkermanite is light brown in colour; it is transparent, with a vitreous lustre and the streak...
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