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Université de Fribourg

Dynamical and structural signatures of the glass transition in emulsions

Zhang, Chi ; Gnan, Nicoletta ; Mason, Thomas G ; Zaccarelli, Emanuela ; Scheffold, Frank

In: Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2016, vol. 2016, no. 9, p. 094003

We investigate structural and dynamical properties of moderately polydisperse emulsions across an extended range of droplet volume fractions phgr, encompassing fluid and glassy states up to jamming. Combining experiments and simulations, we show that when phgr approaches the glass transition volume fraction ${{\phi}_{g}}$ , dynamical heterogeneities and amorphous order arise within the...

Université de Fribourg

Entropic, electrostatic, and interfacial regimes in concentrated disordered ionic emulsions

Kim, Ha Seong ; Scheffold, Frank ; Mason, Thomas G.

In: Rheologica Acta, 2016, vol. 55, no. 8, p. 683–697

We develop a free energy model that describes two key thermodynamic properties, the osmotic pressure Π and the linear elastic shear modulus G′p (i.e. plateau storage modulus), of concentrated monodisperse emulsions which have isotropic, disordered, droplet structures, and are stabilized using ionic surfactants. This model effectively incorporates the concept of random close packing or...

Université de Fribourg

Role of short-range order and hyperuniformity in the formation of band gaps in disordered photonic materials

Froufe-Pérez, Luis S. ; Engel, Michael ; Damasceno, Pablo F. ; Muller, Nicolas ; Haberko, Jakub ; Glotzer, Sharon C. ; Scheffold, Frank

In: Physical Review Letters, 2016, vol. 117, no. 5, p. 053902

We study photonic band gap formation in two-dimensional high-refractive-index disordered materials where the dielectric structure is derived from packing disks in real and reciprocal space. Numerical calculations of the photonic density of states demonstrate the presence of a band gap for all polarizations in both cases. We find that the band gap width is controlled by the increase in...

Université de Fribourg

Super resolution imaging of genetically labeled synapses in drosophila brain tissue

Spühler, Isabelle A. ; Conley, Gaurasundar M. ; Scheffold, Frank ; Sprecher, Simon G.

In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2016, p. 142

Understanding synaptic connectivity and plasticity within brain circuits and their relationship to learning and behavior is a fundamental quest in neuroscience. Visualizing the fine details of synapses using optical microscopy remains however a major technical challenge. Super resolution microscopy opens the possibility to reveal molecular features of synapses beyond the diffraction limit....

Université de Fribourg

Superresolution microscopy of the volume phase transition of pNIPAM microgels

Conley, Gaurasundar M. ; Nöjd, Sofi ; Braibanti, Marco ; Schurtenberger, Peter ; Scheffold, Frank

In: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2016, vol. 499, p. 18–23

Hierarchical polymer structures such as pNIPAM microgels have been extensively studied for their ability to undergo structural and physical transformations that can be controlled by external stimuli such as temperature, pH or solvent composition. However, a direct three-dimensional visualization of individual particles in-situ has so far been hindered by insufficient resolution, with optical...

Université de Fribourg

Self-diffusion and structural properties of confined fluids in dynamic coexistence

Sousa de, N. ; Sáenz, Juan José ; Scheffold, Frank ; García-Martín, A. ; Froufe-Pérez, Luis S.

In: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 2016, vol. 28, no. 13, p. 135101

Self-diffusion and radial distribution functions are studied in a strongly confined Lennard-Jones fluid. Surprisingly, in the solid–liquid phase transition region, where the system exhibits dynamic coexistence, the self-diffusion constants are shown to present up to three-fold variations from solid to liquid phases at fixed temperature, while the radial distribution function corresponding...

Université de Fribourg

High-quality photonic crystals with a nearly complete band gap obtained by direct inversion of woodpile templates with titanium dioxide

Marichy, Catherine ; Muller, Nicolas ; Froufe-Pérez, Luis S. ; Scheffold, Frank

In: Scientific Reports, 2016, vol. 6, p. 21818

Photonic crystal materials are based on a periodic modulation of the dielectric constant on length scales comparable to the wavelength of light. These materials can exhibit photonic band gaps; frequency regions for which the propagation of electromagnetic radiation is forbidden due to the depletion of the density of states. In order to exhibit a full band gap, 3D PCs must present a threshold...

Université de Fribourg

Lifetime of fluorescent dye molecules in dense aqueous suspensions of polystyrene nanoparticles

Scalia, Giuseppe ; Scheffold, Frank

In: Optics Express, 2015, vol. 23, no. 23, p. 29342

We study the lifetime of two common fluorescent dye molecules from the Alexa Fluor NHS Ester family dissolved in water in an opaque aqueous dispersion of dielectric polystyrene nanoparticles. We investigate the role of the dispersion composition by varying the particle concentration and adding SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) surfactant molecules. The observed strong changes in lifetime of Alexa 430...

Université de Fribourg

Laser speckle analysis synchronised with cardiac cycle

Zakharov, Pavel ; Scheffold, Frank ; Weber, Bruno

In: Proceedings SPIE, 2015, vol. 9540, p. 954008–954008–9

We present an improved Laser speckle imaging approach to investigate the cerebral blood flow response following function stimulation of a single vibrissa. By synchronising speckle analysis with the cardiac cycle we are able to obtain robust averaging of the correlation signals while at the same time removing the contributions due to the pulsation of blood flow and associated tissue adaptation....

Université de Fribourg

Controlling dispersion forces between small particles with artificially created random light fields

Brügger, Georges ; Froufe-Pérez, Luis S. ; Scheffold, Frank ; Sáenz, Juan José

In: Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, p. 7460

Appropriate combinations of laser beams can be used to trap and manipulate small particles with optical tweezers as well as to induce significant optical binding forces between particles. These interaction forces are usually strongly anisotropic depending on the interference landscape of the external fields. This is in contrast with the familiar isotropic, translationally invariant, van der Waals...