The CKLS (1992) short-term risk-free interest rate process leads to valuation model for both default free bonds and contingent claims that can only be solved numerically for the general case. Valuation equations of this nature in the past have been solved using the Crank Nicholson scheme. In this paper, we introduce a new numerical scheme – the Box method, and compare it with the traditional...
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We model the closed-end fund discount/premium in a version of Merton’s (1978) asset pricing model with incomplete information. In this economy, investors trade only assets which they “ know about” . The model generates a closed-end fund discount or premium, depending on risk-aversion parameters. The fund share price reverts to the net asset value on open-ending of the fund. The...
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We propose filtering historical simulation by GARCH processes to model the future distribution of assets and swap values. Options’ price changes are computed by full reevaluation on the changing prices of underlying assets. Our methodology takes implicitly into account assets’ correlations without restricting their values over time or computing them explicitly. VaR values for portfolios of...
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Il Comitato di Basilea ha deciso di introdurre un nuovo schema sull’adeguatezza dei mezzi patrimoniali degli istituti bancari, in sostituzione dell’Accordo del 1988. Le proposte avanzate in uno studio pubblicato nel giugno di quest’anno (A New Capital Adequacy Framework) sono state sottoposte all’esame della comunità finanziaria internazionale. La fase di consultazione del mercato...
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An investor with quadratic utility invests amounts changing with his perceptions of risk and expected return in a market with changing risk. Optimal investment policies are derived under several hypotheses for expected returns. These policies are combined in a Bayesian framework to yield a policy that performs better than the ‘buy and hold’ policy in our tests, except in the case of the FTSE...
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We model the closed-end fund discount/premium in a version of Merton’s (1978) asset pricing model with incomplete information. In this economy, investors trade only assets which they “know about”. The model generates a closed-end fund discount or premium, depending on risk-aversion parameters. The fund share price reverts to the net asset value on open-ending of the fund. The...
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The application of Green’s theorem to free boundary problems in option pricing leads to a new metric to measure numerical errors. Free boundaries for a variety of interest rate models are computed more accurately through minimization of our metric.
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This paper proposes a two factor model for asset pricing. We formulate a model of asset returns that in addition to the traditional market return term includes also the square of the market return to account for risk originating from coskewness with the market portofolio. The quadratic term is able to account for heterogeneities across portfolios. We conclude that the extra term is significant...
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In this paper we propose an algorithm for pricing derivatives written on electricity in an incomplete market setting. A discrete time model for price dynamics which embodies the main features of electricity price revealed by simple time series analysis is considered. We use jointly Binomial and Monte Carlo methods for pricing under a risk-neutral measure of which we prove the existence.
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Less expensive than standard options, barrier options have become very popular in recent years as useful hedging instruments for risk management strategies. Thus far valuation approaches have largely focused on equity barrier options, where in certain instances analytical expressions may be available. In this paper we use Monte Carlo procedure to value barrier options based on the Chan, Karolyi,...
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