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Université de Fribourg

Understanding the contribution of Guyton's large circulatory model to long-term control of arterial pressure

Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Vliet, Bruce N. Van

In: Experimental Physiology, 2009, vol. 94, no. 4, p. 382-388

With the publication in 1972 of a large computer model of circulatory control, Guyton and colleagues challenged the then prevailing views on how blood pressure and cardiac output were controlled. At that time, it was widely accepted that the heart controlled cardiac output and that peripheral resistance controlled arterial blood pressure. By incorporating the empirically demonstrated concepts of...

Université de Fribourg

β-Adrenergic control of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 repression in relation to sympathoadrenal regulation of thermogenesis

Mainieri, Davide ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Seydoux, Josiane ; Giacobino, J. P. ; Boss, O. ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2007, vol. 31, no. 2, p. 378–381

Mice lacking β-adrenoceptors, which mediate the thermogenic effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, show diminished thermogenesis and high susceptibility to obesity, whereas mice lacking stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), which catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, show enhanced thermogenesis and high resistance to obesity. In testing whether β-adrenergic...

Université de Fribourg

Mutation of the circadian clock gene Per2 alters vascular endothelial function

Viswambharan, Hema ; Carvas, João Miguel ; Antic, Vladan ; Marecic, Ana ; Jud, Corinne ; Zaugg, Christian E. ; Ming, Xiu-Fen ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Albrecht, Urs ; Yang, Zhihong

In: Circulation, 2007, vol. 115, p. 2188-2195

Background— The circadian clock regulates biological processes including cardiovascular function and metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the role of the circadian clock gene Period2 (Per2) in endothelial function in a mouse model. Methods and Results— Compared with the wild-type littermates, mice with Per2 mutation exhibited impaired...

Université de Fribourg

Weight cycling during growth and beyond as a risk factor for later cardiovascular diseases: the 'repeated overshoot' theory

Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Viecelli, A. K. ; Prévot, Anne ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2006, vol. 30, no. S4, p. S58–S66

In people trying to lose weight, there are often repeated cycles of weight loss and regain. Weight cycling is, however, not limited to obese adults but affects people of normal weight, particularly young women, who are unhappy with their appearance. Furthermore, the onset of a pattern of weight cycling is shifting towards younger ages, owing to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity...

Université de Fribourg

The thrifty 'catch-up fat' phenotype: its impact on insulin sensitivity during growth trajectories to obesity and metabolic syndrome

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Jacquet, Jean ; Seydoux, Josiane ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2006, vol. 30, no. S4, p. S23–S35

The analyses of large epidemiological databases have suggested that infants and children who show catch-up growth, or adiposity rebound at a younger age, are predisposed to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases later in life. The pathophysiological mechanisms by which these growth trajectories confer increased risks for these diseases are obscure, but there is...

Université de Fribourg

A role for skeletal muscle stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in control of thermogenesis

Mainieri, Davide ; Summermatter, Serge ; Seydoux, Josiane ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Rusconi, Sandro ; Russell, Aaron P. ; Boss, Olivier ; Buchala, Antony J. ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: The FASEB Journal, 2006, vol. 20, no. 10, p. 1751-1753

An enhanced metabolic efficiency for accelerating the recovery of fat mass (or catch-up fat) is a characteristic feature of body weight regulation after weight loss or growth retardation and is the outcome of an "adipose-specific" suppression of thermogenesis, i.e., a feedback control system in which signals from the depleted adipose tissue fat stores exert a suppressive effect on thermogenesis....

Université de Fribourg

Water-induced thermogenesis reconsidered: the effects of osmolality and water temperature on energy expenditure after drinking

Brown, Clive M. ; Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2006, vol. 91, no. 9, p. 3598-3602

Context: A recent study reported that drinking 500 ml of water causes a 30% increase in metabolic rate. If verified, this previously unrecognized thermogenic property of water would have important implications for weight-loss programs. However, the concept of a thermogenic effect of water is controversial because other studies have found that water drinking does not increase energy...

Université de Fribourg

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone directly stimulates thermogenesis in skeletal muscle possibly through substrate cycling between de novo lipogenesis and lipid oxidation

Solinas, Giovanni ; Summermatter, Serge ; Mainieri, Davide ; Gubler, Marcel ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Seydoux, Josiane ; Smith, S. R. ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Endocrinology, 2006, vol. 147(1), p. 31-38

The mechanisms by which CRH and related peptides (i.e. the CRH/urocortin system) exert their control over thermogenesis and weight regulation have until now focused only upon their effects on brain centers controlling sympathetic outflow. Using a method that involves repeated oxygen uptake determinations in intact mouse skeletal muscle, we report here that CRH can act directly on skeletal...

Université de Fribourg

Substrate cycling between de novo lipogenesis and lipid oxidation: a thermogenic mechanism against skeletal muscle lipotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Gubler, Marcel ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Seydoux, Josiane ; Solinas, Giovanni

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2004, vol. 28 (Suppl. 4), p. S29-S37

Life is a combustion, but how the major fuel substrates that sustain human life compete and interact with each other for combustion has been at the epicenter of research into the pathogenesis of insulin resistance ever since Randle proposed a 'glucose-fatty acid cycle' in 1963. Since then, several features of a mutual interaction that is characterized by both reciprocality and dependency between...