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A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles

Joyce, Walter G. ; Rab, Márton ; Clark, James M. ; Xu, Xing

In: BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2016, vol. 16, p. 236

Turtles (Testudinata) are a successful lineage of vertebrates with about 350 extant species that inhabit all major oceans and landmasses with tropical to temperate climates. The rich fossil record of turtles documents the adaptation of various sub- lineages to a broad range of habitat preferences, but a synthetic biogeographic model is still lacking for the group.Results: We herein describe a...

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Evolution of neck vertebral shape and neck retraction at the transition to modern turtles: an integrated geometric morphometric approach

Werneburg, Ingmar ; Wilson, Laura A.B. ; Parr, William C. H. ; Joyce, Walter G.

In: Systematic Biology, 2014, p. syu072

The unique ability of modern turtles to retract their head and neck into the shell through a side-necked (pleurodiran) or hidden-necked (cryptodiran) motion is thought to have evolved independently in crown turtles. The anatomical changes that led to the vertebral shapes of modern turtles, however, are still poorly understood. Here we present comprehensive geometric morphometric analyses that...

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