In: Journal of Biological Rhythms, 2004, vol. 19 (6), p. 518-529
The phase-resetting properties of the circadian system in mice with a functional deletion in mCry1, mCry2, mPer1, or mPer2 were studied in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, mCry1-/- and mCry2-/- mice as well as mPer1Brdm1 and mPer2Brdm1 mutant mice were exposed to 15-min light pulses during the 1st cycle following entrainment, either early (external time [ExT] 20) or late (ExT 4) in the subjective...
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In: Journal of Biological Rhytms, 2011, vol. 26, no. 2, p. 118-129
Daily patterns of animal behavior are potentially of vast functional importance. Fitness benefits have been identified in nature by the association between individual timing and survival or by the fate of individuals after experimental deletion of their circadian pacemaker. The recent advances in unraveling the molecular basis of circadian timing enable new approaches to natural selection on...
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In: PLOS Biology, 2018, vol. 16, no. 9, p. e2006989
Most bacteria swim in liquid environments by rotating one or several flagella. The long external filament of the flagellum is connected to a membrane-embedded basal body by a flexible universal joint, the hook, which allows the transmission of motor torque to the filament. The length of the hook is controlled on a nanometer scale by a sophisticated molecular ruler mechanism. However, why its...
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In: EBioMedicine, 2019, vol. 44, p. 502–515
Missense mutations in keratin 5 and 14 genes cause the severe skin fragility disorder epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) by collapsing of the keratin cytoskeleton into cytoplasmic protein aggregates. Despite intense efforts, no molecular therapies are available, mostly due to the complex phenotype of EBS, comprising cell fragility, diminished adhesion, skin inflammation and itch.Methods: We...
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In: Biology Open, 2015, vol. 4, no. 12, p. 1688–1695
The ability of some animals to regrow their head and brain after decapitation provides a striking example of the regenerative capacity within the animal kingdom. The acoel worm Symsagittifera roscoffensis can regrow its head, brain and sensory head organs within only a few weeks after decapitation. How rapidly and to what degree it also reacquires its functionality to control behavior however...
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In: Developmental Biology, 2011, p. -
The task of the visual system is to translate light into neuronal encoded information. This translation of photons into neuronal signals is achieved by photoreceptor neurons (PRs), specialized sensory neurons, located in the eye. Upon perception of light the PRs will send a signal to target neurons, which represent a first station of visual processing. Increasing complexity of visual processing...
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In: Scientific Reports, 2019, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 1–14
Sex development, a complex and indispensable process in all vertebrates, has still not been completely elucidated, although new genes involved in sex development are constantly being discovered and characterized. Chromobox Homolog 2 (CBX2) is one of these new additions and has been identified through a 46,XY girl with double heterozygous variants on CBX2.1, causing Differences of Sex...
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In: Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine, 2018, vol. 6, no. 5, p. 785–795
Background One of the defining moments of human life occurs early during embryonic development, when individuals sexually differentiate into either male or female. Perturbation of this process can lead to disorders/differences of sex development (DSD). Chromobox protein homolog 2 (CBX2) has two distinct isoforms, CBX2.1 and CBX2.2: the role of CBX2.1 in DSD has been previously established,...
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In: European Journal of Anatomy, 2016, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 249-280
Anatomy is older than its name that means "cutting out" in Greek. The cut out parts must bear a name. This historical review is an attempt to investigate the evolution of the anatomical names from the prehistorical times when humans had no handwriting to record anatomy until the discovery of printing when anatomical names could become disseminated in printed books.Throughout indeterminately...
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In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2016, p. 142
Understanding synaptic connectivity and plasticity within brain circuits and their relationship to learning and behavior is a fundamental quest in neuroscience. Visualizing the fine details of synapses using optical microscopy remains however a major technical challenge. Super resolution microscopy opens the possibility to reveal molecular features of synapses beyond the diffraction limit....
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