Université de Fribourg

Ploidy level and genome size variation in the homosporous ferns Botrychium

Dauphin, Benjamin ; Grant, Jason ; Mráz, Patrik

In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2016, vol. 302, no. 5, p. 575–584

Recent cytological and molecular studies have investigated genome size variation and evolution in the homosporous ferns, but representatives of the Ophioglossaceae were largely overlooked, despite their evolutionary singularity. Flow cytometry analysis was performed on 41 individuals of eight species of the genera Botrychium (B.), Botrypus, and Sceptridium to estimate their ploidy level...

Université de Fribourg

Allopolyploid origin of highly invasive Centaurea stoebe s.l. (Asteraceae)

Mráz, Patrik ; Garcia-Jacas, Núria ; Gex-Fabry, Emilie ; Susanna, Alfonso ; Barres, Laia ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2012, vol. 62, no. 2, p. 612–623

Spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) occurs from Western Asia to Western Europe both as diploid and tetraploid cytotypes, predominantly in single-cytotype populations with higher frequency of diploid populations. Interestingly, only tetraploids have been recorded so far from its introduced range in North America where they became highly invasive. We performed phylogenetic and network analyses of...

Université de Fribourg

Influence of plant phenostage and ploidy level on oviposition and feeding of two specialist herbivores of spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe

Collins, Alexandra R. ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Biological Control, 2011, p. -

A caged field experiment was used to determine how Centaurea stoebe L. phenostage (rosette, single-stem, multiple-stem) and ploidy level (diploid = 2× and tetraploid = 4×) influence oviposition and feeding of two biological control agents, Agapeta zoegana (Lep.: Cochylidae) and Cyphocleonus achates (Col.: Curculionidae). Ploidy level did not influence oviposition patterns of A. zoegana but...

Université de Fribourg

Polyploidy and invasion success: trait trade-offs in native and introduced cytotypes of two Asteraceae species

Thébault, Aurélie ; Gillet, François ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz ; Buttler, Alexandre

In: Plant Ecology, 2010, vol. 212, no. 2, p. 315-325

Invasion success is favoured by the introduction of pre-adapted genotypes. In addition, novel pressures in the introduced range may lead to phenotypic changes related to fitness or competitive ability of introduced plants. Polyploidy appears to be over-represented in invasive plants, but differences between cytotypes in growth strategies including trade-offs among plant traits have received...