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Université de Fribourg

Differential phenotypic and genetic expression of defence compounds in a plant–herbivore interaction along elevation

Salgado, Ana L. ; Suchan, Tomasz ; Pellissier, Loïc ; Rasmann, Sergio ; Ducrest, Anne-Lyse ; Alvarez, Nadir

In: Royal Society Open Science, 2016, vol. 3, no. 9, p. 160226

Elevation gradients impose large differences in abiotic and biotic conditions over short distances, in turn, likely driving differences in gene expression more than would genetic variation per se, as natural selection and drift are less likely to fix alleles at such a narrow spatial scale. As elevation increases, the pressure exerted on plants by herbivores and on arthropod herbivores by...

Université de Fribourg

Phylogenetic signal in predator–prey body-size relationships

Naisbit, Russell E. ; Kehrli, Patrik ; Rohr, Rudolf Philippe ; Bersier, Louis-Félix

In: Ecology, 2011, vol. 92, no. 12, p. 2183–2189

Body mass is a fundamental characteristic that affects metabolism, life history, and population abundance and frequently sets bounds on who eats whom in food webs. Based on a collection of topological food webs, Ulrich Brose and colleagues presented a general relationship between the body mass of predators and their prey and analyzed how mean predator–prey body-mass ratios differed among...

Université de Fribourg

Consumer-resource body-size relationships in natural food webs

Brose, Ulrich ; Jonsson, Tomas ; Berlow, Eric L. ; Warren, Philip ; Banasek-Richter, Carolin ; Bersier, Louis-Félix ; Blanchard, Julia L. ; Brey, Thomas ; Carpenter, Stephen R. ; Blandenier, Marie-France Cattin ; Cushing, Lara ; Dawah, Hassan Ali ; Dell, Tony ; Edwards, Francois ; Harper-Smith, Sarah ; Jacob, Ute ; Ledger, Mark E. ; Martinez, Neo D. ; Memmott, Jane ; Mintenbeck, Katja ; Pinnegar, John K. ; Rall, Björn C. ; Rayner, Thomas S. ; Reuman, Daniel C. ; Ruess, Liliane ; Ulrich, Werner ; Williams, Richard J. ; Woodward, Guy ; Cohen, Joel E.

In: Ecology, 2006, vol. 87, no. 10, p. 2411-2417

It has been suggested that differences in body size between consumer and resource species may have important implications for interaction strengths, population dynamics, and eventually food web structure, function, and evolution. Still, the general distribution of consumer–resource body-size ratios in real ecosystems, and whether they vary systematically among habitats or broad taxonomic...

Université de Fribourg

Body sizes of consumers and their resources

Brose, Ulrich ; Cushing, Lara ; Berlow, Eric L. ; Jonsson, Tomas ; Banasek-Richter, Carolin ; Bersier, Louis-Félix ; Blanchard, Julia L. ; Brey, Thomas ; Carpenter, Stephen R. ; Cattin Blandenier, Marie-France ; Cohen, Joel E. ; Dawah, Hassan Ali ; Dell, Tony ; Edwards, Francois ; Harper-Smith, Sarah ; Jacob, Ute ; Knapp, Roland A. ; Ledger, Mark E. ; Memmott, Jane ; Mintenbeck, Katja ; Pinnegar, John K. ; Rall, Björn C. ; Rayner, Thomas ; Ruess, Liliane ; Ulrich, Werner ; Warren, Philip ; Williams, Richard J. ; Woodward, Guy ; Yodzis, Peter ; Martinez, Neo D.

In: Ecology, 2005, vol. 86, p. 2545

Trophic information—who eats whom—and species' body sizes are two of the most basic descriptions necessary to understand community structure as well as ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Consumer–resource body size ratios between predators and their prey, and parasitoids and their hosts, have recently gained increasing attention due to their important implications for species'...

Université de Fribourg

Functional responses: a question of alternative prey and predator density

Tschanz, Britta ; Bersier, Louis-Félix ; Bacher, Sven

In: Ecology, 2007, vol. 88, no. 5, p. 1300–1308

Throughout the study of ecology, there has been a growing realization that indirect effects among species cause complexity in food webs. Understanding and predicting the behavior of ecosystems consequently depends on our ability to identify indirect effects and their mechanisms. The present study experimentally investigates indirect interactions arising between two prey species that share a...

Université de Fribourg

Variable success of biological control of Lythrum salicaria in British Columbia

Denoth, Madlen ; Myers, Judith H.

In: Biological Control, 2005, vol. 32, p. 269

Purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria, has invaded North American wetlands over the last 200 years. A biological control project was started in British Columbia, Canada, in 1993 with the introduction of Galerucella calmariensis, a leaf- feeding beetle of European origin. To evaluate the success of the biological control project in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, we...