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Acute and subchronic effects on immune responses of carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) after exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) in feed

Pietsch, Constanze ; Katzenback, Barbara ; Garcia-Garcia, Erick ; Schulz, Carsten ; Belosevic, Miodrag ; Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

In: Mycotoxin Research, 2015, vol. 31, no. 3, p. 151-164

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    Title
    • Acute and subchronic effects on immune responses of carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) after exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) in feed
    Author
    • Pietsch, Constanze. Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Gruental, P.O. Box, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
    • Katzenback, Barbara. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2E9, Edmonton, AB, Canada
    • Garcia-Garcia, Erick. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2E9, Edmonton, AB, Canada
    • Schulz, Carsten. Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur (GMA) mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761, Büsum, Germany
    • Belosevic, Miodrag. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2E9, Edmonton, AB, Canada
    • Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia. Man-Society-Environment, Department of Environmental Sciences, University Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
    Document Type
    • Postprint
    OAI-PMH Identifier
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:332825
    Summary
    The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) has been shown to regularly occur at relevant concentrations in feed designed for aquaculture use, but little is known about the consequences of its presence on the organisms that consume the DON-contaminated feed. Previous studies indicated a down-regulation of pro-inflammatory responses in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after 4weeks of feeding DON. The present study examined the time course of innate immune responses of carp to orally administered DON. Changes in mRNA levels of immune genes in different organs (head kidney, trunk kidney, spleen, liver, and intestine) were observed indicating immune-modulating properties of DON. The immune-modulatory effects during the acute phase of DON exposure were characterized by the activation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in carp. The subchronic responses to DON were characterized by activation of arginases culminating in increased arginase activity in head kidney leukocytes after 26days of DON treatment. These results suggest profound effects of this mycotoxin on fish in aquaculture.