Fulltext

Habitat selection of three cryptic Plecotus bat species in the European Alps reveals contrasting implications for conservation

Ashrafi, Sohrab ; Rutishauser, Marianne ; Ecker, Klaus ; Obrist, Martin ; Arlettaz, Raphaël ; Bontadina, Fabio

In: Biodiversity and Conservation, 2013, vol. 22, no. 12, p. 2751-2766

Ajouter à la liste personnelle
    Titre
    • Habitat selection of three cryptic Plecotus bat species in the European Alps reveals contrasting implications for conservation
    Auteur
    • Ashrafi, Sohrab. Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Rutishauser, Marianne. Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Ecker, Klaus. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
    • Obrist, Martin. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
    • Arlettaz, Raphaël. Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Bontadina, Fabio. Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • Biodiversity and Conservation, 2013, vol. 22, no. 12, p. 2751-2766. Springer Netherlands
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:319369
    Summary
    Assessing the ecological requirements of species coexisting within a community is an essential requisite for developing sound conservation action. A particularly interesting question is what mechanisms govern the stable coexistence of cryptic species within a community, i.e. species that are almost impossible to distinguish. Resource partitioning theory predicts that cryptic species, like other sympatric taxa, will occupy distinct ecological niches. This prediction is widely inferred from eco-morphological studies. A new cryptic long-eared bat species, Plecotus macrobullaris, has been recently discovered in the complex of two other species present in the European Alps, with even evidence for a few mixed colonies. This discovery poses challenges to bat ecologists concerned with planning conservation measures beyond roost protection. We therefore tested whether foraging habitat segregation occurred among the three cryptic Plecotus bat species in Switzerland by radiotracking 24 breeding female bats (8 of each species). We compared habitat features at locations visited by a bat versus random locations within individual home ranges, applying mixed effects logistic regression. Distinct, species-specific habitat preferences were revealed. P. auritus foraged mostly within traditional orchards in roost vicinity, with a marked preference for habitat heterogeneity. P. austriacus foraged up to 4.7km from the roost, selecting mostly fruit tree plantations, hedges and tree lines. P. macrobullaris preferred patchy deciduous and mixed forests with high vertical heterogeneity in a grassland dominated-matrix. These species-specific habitat preferences should inform future conservation programmes. They highlight the possible need of distinct conservation measures for species that look very much alike