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How Inhibition Relates to Impulsivity after Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Rochat, Lucien ; Beni, Catia ; Annoni, Jean-Marie ; Vuadens, Philippe ; Van der Linden, Martial

In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2013, vol. 19, no. 8, p. 890-898

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    Titre
    • How Inhibition Relates to Impulsivity after Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
    Auteur
    • Rochat, Lucien. Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Switzerland
    • Beni, Catia. Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Switzerland
    • Annoni, Jean-Marie. Neuropsychology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
    • Vuadens, Philippe. Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
    • Van der Linden, Martial. Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2013, vol. 19, no. 8, p. 890-898. Cambridge University Press
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:303753
    Summary
    Impulsive behaviors and poor inhibition performances are frequently described in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, few studies have examined impulsivity and associated inhibition impairments in these patients. Twenty-eight patients with moderate to severe TBI and 27 matched controls performed a stop-signal task designed to assess prepotent response inhibition (the ability to inhibit a dominant or automatic motor response) in a neutral or emotional context and a recent negative task to assess resistance to proactive interference (the ability to resist the intrusion into memory of information that was previously relevant but has since become irrelevant). Informants of each patient completed a short questionnaire designed to assess impulsivity. Patients showed a significant increase in current urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance when retrospectively compared with the preinjury condition. Group comparisons revealed poorer prepotent response inhibition and resistance to proactive interference performances in patients with TBI. Finally, correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) and prepotent response inhibition in patients with TBI. This study sheds new light on the construct of impulsivity after a TBI, its related cognitive mechanisms, and its potential role in problematic behaviors described after a TBI. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1-9)