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Acute ascending aortic dissection complicating open heart surgery: cerebral perfusion defines the outcome

Ruchat, Patrick ; Hurni, Michel ; Stumpe, Frank ; Fischer, Adam P. ; von Segesser, Ludwig K.

In: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1998, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 449-452

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    Titre
    • Acute ascending aortic dissection complicating open heart surgery: cerebral perfusion defines the outcome
    Auteur
    • Ruchat, Patrick. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Hurni, Michel. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Stumpe, Frank. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Fischer, Adam P.. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • von Segesser, Ludwig K.. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1998, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 449-452. Elsevier Science B.V.
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:300437
    Summary
    Objective: This retrospective study was designed to assess the risks of acute ascending aorta dissection (AAD) as a rare but potentially fatal complication of open heart surgery. Method: Among 8624 cardiac surgical procedures under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic myocardial protection from 1978 to 1997, 10 patients (0.12%) presented with a secondary or so called ‘iatrogenic' AAD. There were seven men and three women, mean age 64±9 years, ranging from 47 to 79. The original procedures involved five coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG), one repeat CABG, one aortic valve replacement (AVR), one AVR and CABG, one mitral valvuloplasty (MVP) and CABG and one ascending aorta replacement. We retrospectively analyzed their hospital records. Results: Group I consisted of seven patients with AAD intraoperatively and group II consisted of three patients who developed acute AAD 8-32 days after cardiac surgery. In group I, treatment consisted of the original procedure, plus grafting of the ascending aorta in six patients and closed plication and aortic wrapping in one. In group II, two patients received a dacron graft and one patient developed lethal tamponnade due to aortic rupture before surgery. Postoperatively, six patients responded well and three died (33%), two patients from group I on the 2nd postoperative day with severe post-anoxic encephalopathy, and one from group II with severe peroperative cardiogenic shock. Conclusion: Preventing AAD with the appropriate means remains standard practice in cardiac surgery. If AAD occurs, it requires prompt diagnosis and interposition graft to allow a better prognosis. Intraoperative AAD happens at the beginning of CPB jeopardizing perfusion of the supra-aortic arteries